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A Toolbox for College EFL Program Design
II. Placement of Students
As for placement and streaming of students, there are numerous possibilities. As Brown notes in Language Testing in Japan, the best choice is to develop a criterion-referenced test where the questions are based upon program criteria and goals specific to the institution, and its students (p. 18). The entrance exam employed at a Japanese university might be used, except that the results are usually kept confidential. One of our program's shortcomings is that we never developed a placement test to assess our students in terms of our program criteria -- for example, by assessing their speaking and discussion skills. Instead, we have relied upon off-the-shelf placement tests from the English Language Centre of the University of Michigan, and the norm-referenced Institutional Placement Test from Educational Testing Services.
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